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© Copyright 1997 by the Wyoming Department of Employment, Research & Planning


Multiple Jobholding: Is It a Regional Phenomenon?

by: Gayle C. Edlin


Multiple jobholders are defined as employed persons who, during the reference week (the calendar week, from Saturday to Sunday, that includes the 12th day of the month), had either:

  1. two or more jobs as a wage and salary worker,
  2. were self-employed and also held a wage and salary job, or
  3. worked as an unpaid family worker and also held a wage and salary job.

A person employed only in private households (such as a cleaner, gardener or babysitter) who worked for two or more employers during the reference week is not counted as a multiple jobholder because working for several employers is considered an inherent characteristic of private household work. Also excluded are self-employed persons with multiple businesses and persons with multiple jobs as unpaid family workers (such as a teenager who works in his or her parent's store and on the family farm).

Nine of Top Ten

Except for Hawaii, every state in the "top ten" of multiple jobholders is geographically connected. It appears these neighboring states (Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana and Idaho) are more prone to multiple jobholding than other states. There is not a similar pattern in the "bottom ten" states of multiple jobholders, although southeastern states do appear more often than not (South Carolina, West Virginia, Louisiana, Florida, Mississippi and North Carolina). Refer to the Table for more details.

The study of multiple jobholders is a new one, which may be furthered by wage records and other research tools. Trends will continue to apprise its readers of developments in this area.


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These pages designed by Gayle C. Edlin.
Last modified on July 9, 1997 by Gayle C. Edlin.